remove CTRL-M (^M) characters
From SUSE Support’s How to remove CTRL-M (^M) characters from a file in Linux.
^M represent the ACII control character sequence <CR><LF>/0xd 0xa. It represents new lines on DOS/Windows while Unix based systems use <LF>. This can also occur when overriding $TERM over ssh.
view
cat -v filename
^M appears in git commits.
removal methods
There are many ways to replace 0xd 0xa with 0xa.
vi/vim
Inside vi ESC mode type: :%s/^M//g
Note: To enter ^M, type CTRL-V + M.
dos2unix
dos2unix filename
sed
sed -e "s/\r//g" file > newfile
perl
perl -p -e 's/\r//g' file > newfile